Oct 9 – The History and Impact of Filibusters in the US Senate: US Senate Appointments and Legislation. A filibuster is a tactic used in the United States Senate to delay or block a vote on a measure by preventing debate on it from ending. The Senate’s rules place few restrictions on debate. This tactic is not a law but rather a Senate custom that was substantially changed in the 2000’s/ Only when debate concludes, or by using Rule 22 (Cloture) can the measure be put to a vote. In the past the supermajority rule has made it very difficult, or even often impossible, for Congress to pass controversial legislation or make appointments.

Oct 16 – What is the difference between Hard Power and Soft Power in terms of US foreign policy? What are example of each? Why would we be concerned about this. Recent examples include the demolition of USAID, a soft power technique and the prior hard power moves such as Teddy Roosevelts Gun Boat diplomacy. Gunboat diplomacy was the pursuit of foreign policy objectives with the aid of displays of naval power, implying or constituting a direct threat of warfare.

Oct 23 – The MAGA Movement Explained? What is the Future of the MAGA?Movement in the Next 10 Years? What are the origins of the MAGA Movement?  What is our political experience about such movements in the past?  Is the movement divided about their goals, and who are the perspectives leaders after President Trump?

Oct 30 – Why are Elections Staggered? What is their Impact on the Political Process. For example, six-year staggered Senate terms provide Congress an institutional stability anchored by the Senate that may counterbalance rapid, fluctuating changes in the House. Other examples include Mayors, Governors, Congresspersons, and Presidents elected in different years.